Confused pairs
Incorrect answers between two species (undirected). With a country selected, only mix-ups from games in that country are counted, and only pairs where both species are on that country's checklist are shown.
| Species A (lower id) | Species B (higher id) | Total wrong | A was target → picked B | B was target → picked A |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seaside Sparrow Ammospiza maritima | Nelson's Sparrow Ammospiza nelsoni | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| Wilson's Storm-Petrel Oceanites oceanicus | Band-rumped Storm-Petrel Hydrobates castro | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Lark Sparrow Chondestes grammacus | Lark Bunting Calamospiza melanocorys | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| Wilson's Phalarope Phalaropus tricolor | Grey Phalarope Phalaropus fulicarius | 2 | 2 | 0 |
| Ruby-throated Hummingbird Archilochus colubris | Black-chinned Hummingbird Archilochus alexandri | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Black Swan Cygnus atratus | Arctic Skua Stercorarius parasiticus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Trumpeter Swan Cygnus buccinator | Bewick's Swan Cygnus columbianus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Bewick's Swan Cygnus columbianus | Whooper Swan Cygnus cygnus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna ferruginea | Black-necked Grebe Podiceps nigricollis | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Blue-winged Teal Spatula discors | Pied-billed Grebe Podilymbus podiceps | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Cinnamon Teal Spatula cyanoptera | American Avocet Recurvirostra americana | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Gadwall Mareca strepera | Mallard Anas platyrhynchos | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Ring-necked Duck Aythya collaris | Greater Scaup Aythya marila | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Common Goldeneye Bucephala clangula | Barrow's Goldeneye Bucephala islandica | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| California Quail Callipepla californica | Gambel's Quail Callipepla gambelii | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Willow Ptarmigan Lagopus lagopus | Wandering Tattler Tringa incana | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Golden Pheasant Chrysolophus pictus | Lady Amherst's Pheasant Chrysolophus amherstiae | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Golden Pheasant Chrysolophus pictus | Silver Pheasant Lophura nycthemera | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Slavonian Grebe Podiceps auritus | Black-necked Grebe Podiceps nigricollis | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Slavonian Grebe Podiceps auritus | Western Grebe Aechmophorus occidentalis | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| White-winged Dove Zenaida asiatica | Common Cuckoo Cuculus canorus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Mourning Dove Zenaida macroura | Wilson's Storm-Petrel Oceanites oceanicus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus | Black-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus erythropthalmus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Ruby-throated Hummingbird Archilochus colubris | Broad-billed Hummingbird Cynanthus latirostris | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Calliope Hummingbird Selasphorus calliope | Allen's Hummingbird Selasphorus sasin | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Rufous Hummingbird Selasphorus rufus | Allen's Hummingbird Selasphorus sasin | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| King Rail Rallus elegans | Clapper Rail Rallus crepitans | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Yellow Rail Coturnicops noveboracensis | Black Rail Laterallus jamaicensis | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| American Golden Plover Pluvialis dominica | Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Northern Lapwing Vanellus vanellus | Siberian Sand Plover Anarhynchus mongolus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Mountain Plover Anarhynchus montanus | Snowy Plover Anarhynchus nivosus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica | Northern House Wren Troglodytes aedon | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Hudsonian Godwit Limosa haemastica | Marbled Godwit Limosa fedoa | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Short-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus griseus | Yellow-throated Warbler Setophaga dominica | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Grey Phalarope Phalaropus fulicarius | Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularius | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularius | Lesser Yellowlegs Tringa flavipes | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Grey-tailed Tattler Tringa brevipes | Lesser Yellowlegs Tringa flavipes | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Greater Yellowlegs Tringa melanoleuca | Stilt Sandpiper Calidris himantopus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres | Red Knot Calidris canutus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Stilt Sandpiper Calidris himantopus | Dunlin Calidris alpina | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Buff-breasted Sandpiper Calidris subruficollis | Dunlin Calidris alpina | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Sanderling Calidris alba | American Herring Gull Larus smithsonianus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Least Sandpiper Calidris minutilla | Semipalmated Sandpiper Calidris pusilla | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Western Sandpiper Calidris mauri | Semipalmated Sandpiper Calidris pusilla | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Long-tailed Skua Stercorarius longicaudus | Arctic Skua Stercorarius parasiticus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Long-tailed Skua Stercorarius longicaudus | Pomarine Skua Stercorarius pomarinus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Arctic Skua Stercorarius parasiticus | Masked Booby Sula dactylatra | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Tufted Puffin Fratercula cirrhata | Atlantic Puffin Fratercula arctica | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Little Auk Alle alle | Ancient Murrelet Synthliboramphus antiquus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Brünnich's Guillemot Uria lomvia | Common Guillemot Uria aalge | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Brünnich's Guillemot Uria lomvia | Ancient Murrelet Synthliboramphus antiquus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Black-legged Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla | Bonaparte's Gull Chroicocephalus philadelphia | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Sabine's Gull Xema sabini | Bonaparte's Gull Chroicocephalus philadelphia | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Black-tailed Gull Larus crassirostris | Common Gull Larus canus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Common Gull Larus canus | Short-billed Gull Larus brachyrhynchus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Short-billed Gull Larus brachyrhynchus | Glaucous Gull Larus hyperboreus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Great Black-backed Gull Larus marinus | Northern Fulmar Fulmarus glacialis | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Sooty Tern Onychoprion fuscatus | Bridled Tern Onychoprion anaethetus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Sooty Tern Onychoprion fuscatus | Red-footed Booby Sula sula | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Arctic Tern Sterna paradisaea | Common Tern Sterna hirundo | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Sandwich Tern Thalasseus sandvicensis | European Herring Gull Larus argentatus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Trindade Petrel Pterodroma arminjoniana | Sooty Shearwater Ardenna grisea | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Black-capped Petrel Pterodroma hasitata | Cape Verde Shearwater Calonectris edwardsii | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Northern Gannet Morus bassanus | Brown Booby Sula leucogaster | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Yellow-crowned Night Heron Nyctanassa violacea | Black-crowned Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Snowy Egret Egretta thula | Western Reef-Heron Egretta gularis | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| American Goshawk Astur atricapillus | White-tailed Hawk Geranoaetus albicaudatus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| White-tailed Hawk Geranoaetus albicaudatus | Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| White-tailed Hawk Geranoaetus albicaudatus | Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Broad-winged Hawk Buteo platypterus | Red-tailed Hawk Buteo jamaicensis | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni | Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Rough-legged Buzzard Buteo lagopus | Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Red-headed Woodpecker Melanerpes erythrocephalus | Red-bellied Woodpecker Melanerpes carolinus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Common Kestrel Falco tinnunculus | Prairie Falcon Falco mexicanus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Merlin Falco columbarius | Gyr Falcon Falco rusticolus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Olive-sided Flycatcher Contopus cooperi | MacGillivray's Warbler Geothlypis tolmiei | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Eastern Wood-Pewee Contopus virens | Yellow-bellied Flycatcher Empidonax flaviventris | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Eastern Wood-Pewee Contopus virens | Acadian Flycatcher Empidonax virescens | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Yellow-bellied Flycatcher Empidonax flaviventris | Alder Flycatcher Empidonax alnorum | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Alder Flycatcher Empidonax alnorum | Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Least Flycatcher Empidonax minimus | Grey Flycatcher Empidonax wrightii | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Hammond's Flycatcher Empidonax hammondii | Golden-crowned Sparrow Zonotrichia atricapilla | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Western Flycatcher Empidonax difficilis | Painted Redstart Myioborus pictus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Great Crested Flycatcher Myiarchus crinitus | Western Kingbird Tyrannus verticalis | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Cassin's Kingbird Tyrannus vociferans | Western Kingbird Tyrannus verticalis | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Eastern Kingbird Tyrannus tyrannus | Lark Bunting Calamospiza melanocorys | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Scissor-tailed Flycatcher Tyrannus forficatus | Fork-tailed Flycatcher Tyrannus savana | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Bell's Vireo Vireo bellii | Philadelphia Vireo Vireo philadelphicus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Philadelphia Vireo Vireo philadelphicus | Red-eyed Vireo Vireo olivaceus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Philadelphia Vireo Vireo philadelphicus | Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus | Northern Shrike Lanius borealis | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus | Canada Jay Perisoreus canadensis | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Blue Jay Cyanocitta cristata | Northern Cardinal Cardinalis cardinalis | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| American Crow Corvus brachyrhynchos | Fish Crow Corvus ossifragus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Tree Swallow Tachycineta bicolor | Lapland Bunting Calcarius lapponicus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Purple Martin Progne subis | American Robin Turdus migratorius | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Purple Martin Progne subis | Common Grackle Quiscalus quiscula | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Brown-chested Martin Progne tapera | Northern Rough-winged Swallow Stelgidopteryx serripennis | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Brown-chested Martin Progne tapera | Varied Thrush Ixoreus naevius | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Northern Rough-winged Swallow Stelgidopteryx serripennis | Cave Swallow Petrochelidon fulva | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Ruby-crowned Kinglet Corthylio calendula | LeConte's Sparrow Ammospiza leconteii | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| White-breasted Nuthatch Sitta carolinensis | Red-breasted Nuthatch Sitta canadensis | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Rock Wren Salpinctes obsoletus | Pine Warbler Setophaga pinus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Winter Wren Troglodytes hiemalis | Carolina Wren Thryothorus ludovicianus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Winter Wren Troglodytes hiemalis | American Tree Sparrow Spizelloides arborea | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Carolina Wren Thryothorus ludovicianus | Golden-crowned Sparrow Zonotrichia atricapilla | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Eastern Bluebird Sialia sialis | Mountain Bluebird Sialia currucoides | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Townsend's Solitaire Myadestes townsendi | Varied Thrush Ixoreus naevius | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Hermit Thrush Catharus guttatus | Wood Thrush Hylocichla mustelina | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Fieldfare Turdus pilaris | Prairie Warbler Setophaga discolor | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Phainopepla Phainopepla nitens | White-winged Widowbird Euplectes albonotatus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Buff-bellied Pipit Anthus rubescens | Sprague's Pipit Anthus spragueii | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Pine Grosbeak Pinicola enucleator | Common Crossbill Loxia curvirostra | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Pine Grosbeak Pinicola enucleator | Two-barred Crossbill Loxia leucoptera | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Purple Finch Haemorhous purpureus | Indigo Bunting Passerina cyanea | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Lapland Bunting Calcarius lapponicus | Snow Bunting Plectrophenax nivalis | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Chestnut-collared Longspur Calcarius ornatus | Thick-billed Longspur Rhynchophanes mccownii | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Smith's Longspur Calcarius pictus | Wilson's Warbler Cardellina pusilla | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Thick-billed Longspur Rhynchophanes mccownii | Black-headed Grosbeak Pheucticus melanocephalus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Cassin's Sparrow Peucaea cassinii | Chipping Sparrow Spizella passerina | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Brewer's Sparrow Spizella breweri | Lark Sparrow Chondestes grammacus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Lark Bunting Calamospiza melanocorys | American Tree Sparrow Spizelloides arborea | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| White-crowned Sparrow Zonotrichia leucophrys | Virginia's Warbler Leiothlypis virginiae | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Golden-crowned Sparrow Zonotrichia atricapilla | Harris's Sparrow Zonotrichia querula | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| White-throated Sparrow Zonotrichia albicollis | Vesper Sparrow Pooecetes gramineus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Vesper Sparrow Pooecetes gramineus | Nelson's Sparrow Ammospiza nelsoni | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| LeConte's Sparrow Ammospiza leconteii | Indigo Bunting Passerina cyanea | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Savannah Sparrow Passerculus sandwichensis | Song Sparrow Melospiza melodia | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Spotted Towhee Pipilo maculatus | Eastern Towhee Pipilo erythrophthalmus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Orchard Oriole Icterus spurius | Bullock's Oriole Icterus bullockii | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Shiny Cowbird Molothrus bonariensis | Brown-headed Cowbird Molothrus ater | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Worm-eating Warbler Helmitheros vermivorum | Black-throated Blue Warbler Setophaga caerulescens | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Golden-winged Warbler Vermivora chrysoptera | Blue-winged Warbler Vermivora cyanoptera | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Blue-winged Warbler Vermivora cyanoptera | Prothonotary Warbler Protonotaria citrea | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Swainson's Warbler Limnothlypis swainsonii | Tennessee Warbler Leiothlypis peregrina | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Nashville Warbler Leiothlypis ruficapilla | Mourning Warbler Geothlypis philadelphia | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla | Cape May Warbler Setophaga tigrina | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Bay-breasted Warbler Setophaga castanea | Blackpoll Warbler Setophaga striata | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Chestnut-sided Warbler Setophaga pensylvanica | Blackpoll Warbler Setophaga striata | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| American Herring Gull Larus smithsonianus | Vega Gull Larus vegae | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Black-bellied Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna autumnalis | Fulvous Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna bicolor | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| American Herring Gull Larus smithsonianus | European Herring Gull Larus argentatus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Fulvous Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna bicolor | Cinnamon Teal Spatula cyanoptera | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Bar-headed Goose Anser indicus | Ross's Goose Anser rossii | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Snow Goose Anser caerulescens | Ross's Goose Anser rossii | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Greater White-fronted Goose Anser albifrons | Tree Swallow Tachycineta bicolor | 1 | 0 | 1 |